Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal from the periodic table. It is a silver-white metal that is relatively abundant in the Earth's crust. Magnesium has a wide range of industrial applications, including the production of alloys, optical equipment and fireworks. It is also used in medicine and as a dietary supplement.
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| Atomic number | 12 |
| Group | IIA |
| Period | 3 |
| Mass | 24.305 |
| Latin name | Magnesium |
| Electron configuration | [Ne]3s2 |
| Oxidation state | 0, 1, 2 |